![]() ![]() This subjective evaluation is a relevant part of an individual’s response to stress (Cohen et al., 1983). Perceived stress is a widely employed notion to capture individuals’ subjective stress experience (Cohen, 1988 Fliege et al., 2005 Roberti et al., 2006 Taylor, 2015). ![]() Stress is a major concept regarding individual health. Combinations of breathing techniques and cold exposure may be employed to decrease individuals’ perceived stress. ![]() The breathing technique and cold exposure on their own were not found to yield substantial effects, indicating synergies between both exercises. The combined group exhibited a medium to large positive effect on perceived stress compared to the control group. The instruments exhibit a substantial correlation (r = 0.842, p < 0.001). Perceived stress is measured employing the 10-item version of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) and the 20-item version of the Perceived Stress Questionnaire (PSQ). Eighty-six individuals participated in the study. An experiment involving four groups was conducted, yielding separate cells for breathing technique-only and cold exposure-only, as well as a combined treatment and a control group. A pranayama-inspired breathing technique, cold exposure, and their combined application were assessed for their potential to reduce perceived stress in adults and compared to a control group. ![]()
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